The SCO summit, which featured participation from China, Russia, and Iran, focused heavily on building a coalition to challenge Washington’s economic footprint. Iranian President Masoud Pezeshkian specifically advocated for global de-dollarization, while the final communique adopted on September 1 explicitly condemned US military and economic policies as violations of international law.
Despite being uninvited to official events, special envoy Sergio Gor and Senator Steve Daines conducted high-level meetings with the presidents of Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan. These sessions effectively shifted the focus away from the SCO’s agenda. Uzbek President Shavkat Mirziyoyev publicly lauded the momentum of his nation's partnership with Washington, highlighting upcoming cooperation under the C5+1 diplomatic format. Similarly, Kyrgyz President Sadyr Japarov leveraged the host role to emphasize his country’s commitment to US-backed economic initiatives, including the B5+1 platform designed to foster private-sector ties.

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